MOOD
' Mood' tih chu Laṭin ṭawng thumal 'Modus' tih aṭanga lâk chhàwn a ni a, a awmzia chu 'Chêt dan, Nungchang' tihna te a ni. Kan thu chheh dan kàl hmang azira thil tih (verb) thumal hian nungchang leh chêt dan an thlâk danglam kual ṭhin a; chutianga kan thu sawi hawi zâwng mila thil tih (verb) thumalin an nungchang leh awmzia an thlâk danglam kùal ṭhin sawina chu 'Mood' hi a ni.
Entirna:
(1) Sângi chuan nau a 'Pua'.
(2) Naute hi i 'Puak' chuan a muhil ang.
(3) Naute hi lo 'Paw' rawh.
Entirnaa kan tar lan ang hian, thil tih (verb) thumal hian kan thu sawi awmze milin a nungchang leh chêt dan hi chi thumin a thlâk danglam a. Pakhatnaah khian a rîk dan emaw, a ziah dan emaw tih danglam miah loh, a awmze pangngai dik takin 'Pua' hi thil tih chiang ngei sawina atan kan hmang a. Pahnihnaah khian a awmze pangngai aṭanga a nih phung a thlâk vawi khatna 'Puak' hi thil chiang lo, thil ni thei chi sawi nan kan hmang thung a. Pathumnaah khian a awmze pangngai aṭanga a nih phung a thlâk vawi hnihna 'Paw' tih hi thil ti tura mi dang tirhna ṭawngkam atan kan hmang ve leh a ni.
Hetianga kan ṭawngkam hawi zâwng mila thil tih (verb) thumalin an nungchang leh awmzia an thlâk danglam a, ze hran an put kùal tâk ṭhin hi 'Mood' chu a ni. Mizo ṭawngah chuan thil tih (verb) thumal kan neihte hian mood chi thum (3) an nei a. Chûng an mood neih chi thumte chu hêngte hi an ni:
1. Indicative mood
2. Subjunctive mood
3. Imperative mood
1. Indicative mood
Thil tih (verb) thumal, a rîk dan emaw, a sipel emaw tih danglam loh, a root word ngei hmanga thil tih chiang ngei, a thu phunga kan sawi chhuahna hi 'Indicative mood' chu a ni. Indicative mood reng reng chu simple sentence-a thu chhehna niin, principle clause an ni zel a. Hming ai awhtu (pronoun) pakhat chauh awmin, hming ai awhtu awm chhun chu 'Subjunctive case' a ni nghâl zel a. Thil tih (verb) pawh pakhat chauh awmin, thil tih (verb) awm chhun chu mood kengtu ni chungin thil tih puitling (main verb) a ni zel ṭhin bawk a ni.
Entirna:
(1) Chhani a 'Zai'.
(2) Lala'n milem a 'Ziak'.
(3) Faka'n khuang a 'Vua'.
Entirna kan siam hi thil tih chiang ngei kan sawi chhuahna ṭawngkam vek an ni a. Pakhatnaa thil tih sawi nana thil tih (verb) thumal kan hman 'Zai' hi a rîk dan tih danglam ṭhin a ni a; amaherawhchu, kan sentence-ah hian a rîk dan tih danglam loh, a root word ngei hi thil tih sawi nan kan hmang a. Pahnihnaa mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal kan hman 'Ziak' hi ziah dan chi khata tih danglam ṭhin niin, a ziah dan tih danglam loh, a root word ngei hi kan sentence-a thil tih sawi nan kan hmang leh a. Pathumnaa mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal 'Vua' hi ziah dan chi hniha tih danglam ṭhin, ziah dan chi thum (3) awm a ni a; kan sentence-ah hian a ziah dan tih danglam loh, a root word ngei hi thil tih sawi nan kan hmang ve leh a ni. Hetiang hian thil tih (verb) thumal, a rîk dan emaw, a ziah dan emawa an awmzia leh nih phung tih danglam loh, an root word ngei hmanga thil tih leh thil thleng ang chi, thil chiang ngei a thu phunga kan sawi chhuahna ṭawngkam hi 'Indicative mood' chu a ni ta a ni.
Indicative mood reng reng chu simple sentence-a thil tih kan sawina a nih zel avangin principle clause a ni nghal zel a, hming ai awhtu (pronoun) pakhat chauh leh thil tih (verb) pakhat chauh a awm ṭhin a ni. Hming ai awhtu (pronoun) awm chhun chu 'Subjunctive case' niin, thil tih (verb) awm chhun chu sentence innghahna thil tih puitling (main verb) a ni zel ṭhin bawk a. Thil tih (verb) thumal awm chhun, mood kengtu hi adverb leh auxiliary verb-te puibawm lohin, a root word ngeiin thil tih puitling (main verb) a ni ṭhin a ni. (thil tih thumal zawng zawng hi indicative mood-ah hian an root word ngeiin thil tih puitling an ni thei vek a. Thil tih thumal emaw kan tih, indicative mood-a an root word ngeia thil tih puitling atana hman theih si loh chu thil tih thumal a ni lo, parts of speech-a nihna dang nei thumal an ni tihna a ni a. Chu lo leh-ah chuan, thil tih thumal tur ni miah lo, dik lo taka thil tih leh tuartu/dawngsawngtu 'object' ziah zawm palh emaw, titu/sawitu 'subject' leh thil tih 'verb' ziah zawm palh emaw an ni tihna a ni ṭhin.)
2. Subjunctive mood
Thil tih (verb) thumal, a rîk dan thlâk danglam ṭhinah, a rîk dan tih danglam zâwk leh ziah dan chi hnih awmah, a ziah dan tih danglam zâwk leh ziah dan chi thum awma a ziah dan chi hnihna hmanga thil tih chiang lo, duh thu sàm leh châk zâwng te, tum dan leh duh dan te, rin dan leh thil ni thei te, suangtuahna ang chi te kan sawina ṭawngkam hi 'Subjunctive mood' chu a ni.
Entirna:
(1) Sâp rama 'Zin' ve ka châk ngawt mai.
(2) Kan nula 'Hmuh' kha va rìm kan tum.
(3) Tuiin a 'Buak' che chuan i huh vek ang.
Entirna kan chhawp chhuah sentence hmasa ber hi thil tih châk kan sawina ṭawngkam a ni a. Hetah hian mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal 'Zin' hi a rîk dan pangngai aṭanga tih danglam, a ri hniam hman a ni a. Hetianga thil tih châk zâwng ang chi leh duh thu sàm thil kan sawina ṭawngkama mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal, a nih phung pangngai aṭanga a rîk dan tih danglam zâwk kan hman tâk hi 'Subjunctive mood' chu a ni ta a ni.
Pahnihna sentence hi thil tih tum kan sawina ṭawngkam a ni a. Hetah hian mood kengtu atana thil tih (verb) thumal kan hman 'Hmuh' hi a root word chu 'Hmu' niin, kan sentence-ah hian a ziah dan thlâk danglam tâk zâwk 'Hmuh' hi kan hmang a. Hetianga thil tih (verb) thumal, ziah dan chi hniha ziah ṭhinah, a nih phung pangngai aṭanga a ziah dan tih danglam tâk zâwk hmanga thil tih tum ang chi kan sawina hi 'Subjunctive mood' a ni leh ta a ni.
Pathumna hi thil thleng thei leh ni thei sawina ṭawngkam a ni a. Hetah hian mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal 'Buak' hi a root form chu 'Bua' niin, ziah dan chi hniha tih danglam ṭhin, ziah dan chi thum 'Bua; Buak, Baw' ti tea ziah ṭhin a ni a. Kan sentence-ah hian a ziah dan tih danglam vawi khatna, 'Buak' hi thil ni thei leh thleng thei sawi nan kan hmang ta a. Hetianga thil tih (verb) thumal, a nih phung pangngai aṭanga a ziah dan tih danglam chi hnihna hmanga thil ni thei leh zeldin thil te kan sawina ṭawngkam hi 'Subjunctive mood' a ni leh ta a ni.
Hetiang hian thil tih (verb) thumal, a rîk dan tih danglam ṭhinah, a rîk dan tih danglam zâwk leh ziah dan chi hnih awmah, a ziah dan chi hnihna zâwk leh ziah dan chi thum awmah, a ziah dan chi hnihna hmang tea duh thu sàm thil te, thil tih tum ang chi te, thil ni thei leh suangtuahna ang chi te kan sawi chhuahna ṭawngkam hi 'Subjunctive mood' chu a ni ta a. Subjunctive mood-ah hi chuan mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal te hi thil tih puitling (main verb) an ni ve ngai lo a; subordinate clause lamah phusain 'non-finite' an ni ṭhin a. Chutah chuan 'Gerund' emaw, 'Participle' emaw, 'Adverb' te an ni ta ṭhin a ni.
3. Imperative mood
Tirhna te, thu pêkna te, ngenna te, rawtna lam hawi te sawina ṭawngkam kan leknaah, thil tih (verb) thumalin a nih phung pangngai bâka an ziarang leh nungchang an rawn thlâk danglam leh vawi hnihna hi Mizo ṭawngah chuan 'Imperative mood' chu a ni a. Thil tih (verb) thumal, a ziah dan vawi hnih tih danglam ṭhin, ziah dan chi thum nei tâah chauh hian 'Imperative mood' hi kan hmu a ni.
Entirna:
(1) Saw saw tu nge tih va 'Hre' teh.
(2) Bâwng kha 'Vaw' tawh suh.
(3) Mi 'Haw' tawh lo hram rawh.
(4) MLA chu Liana'n lo 'Be' mai se.
Entirna sentence pakhatna hi tirhna ṭawngkam a ni a. Heta mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal 'Hre' hi a root form chu 'Hria' niin, ziah dan chi thum, 'Hria; Hriat; Hre' ti tea hman ṭhin a ni a. Kan sentence-a tirhna lam hawi ṭawngkam atan hian a ziah dan chi thumna 'Hre' hi kan hmang a. Chutiang bawkin, pahnihnaa mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal 'Vaw' hi a root form chu 'Vua' niin, ziah dan chi thum 'Vua; Vuak; Vaw' ti tea hman ṭhin a ni a; kan sentence-ah hian a ziah dan chi thumna 'Vaw' hi khapna lam hawi ṭawngkam atan kan hmang ve leh a. Pahthumnaah hian mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal 'Haw' hi a root form chu 'Hua' niin, 'Hua; Huat; Haw' ti-a ziah dan chi thuma hman ṭhin a ni a. Kan sentence-a ngenna lam hawi ṭawngkam atan hian, a ziah dan chi thumna 'Haw' hi kan hmang leh a. Palinaah hian mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumal 'Be' hi ziah dan chi thum, 'Bia; Biak; Be' ti tea ziah ṭhin niin, kan sentence-ah hian a ziah dan chi thumna 'Be' hi rawtna lam hawi ṭawngkam atan kan hmang ve leh a ni.
Hetianga tirhna te, thu pêkna te, ngenna te, rawtna te kan sawina ṭawngkama mood kengtu thil tih (verb) thumalin an nih phung leh zia an thlâk danglam vawi hnihna, an ze chi thumna an rawn chêtpui tâk ṭhin hi 'Imperative mood' chu a ni ta a ni.
Thu lâkna: P.C Thangzîkpuia ziah 'MIZO
ṬAWNG GRAMMAR' tih bû-a mi
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