Rih dil

Rih dil hi thla ka lâkpui vêl e. 

 

MIZO ṬAWNGA PARTICIPLE

Participle

        Verb thumal ni si, kan sentence-a kan mi sawi emaw, kan thil sawi emaw sawi fiahtu atana kan hman si hi verb ni chunga adjective hna thawk an ni a, chûng chu 'Participle' ti-a sawi an ni. Mizo ṭawngah chuan kan verb thumalte hian participle form hran an nei lo a; intransitive verb thumal indicative mood form leh transitive verb thumal subjunctive mood form hi participle-ah hman ṭhin an ni.

Entirna:

                         adjetive

1. He laia car    dum         hi a hnawk.

                         participle

2. He laia car    ding          hi a hnawk.

       

       Entirna sentence pakhatnaah hian, "He laia car hi a hnawk," tiin sawi ta ila, 'car' hian amah sawi fiahtu adjective a nei lo ang. Chutiang bawkin a hnuaia sentence-ah hian, "He lai car hi a hnawk," tiin sawi ta ila, 'car' hian amah sawi fiahtu (adjective) a nei lo bawk ang. Amaherawhchu, kan sentence-a 'A hnawk' ti-a kan sawi ve ve hi, "Eng maw hnawk?" ti ta ila, 'car dum' tih leh 'car ding' tih hi a ni ta a. Hetah hian adjective thumal pangngai 'dum' tih hian a kawppui noun thumal 'car' hi a sawi fiaha adjective a nih ang chiahin, verb thumal 'ding' tih pawh hian a kawppui noun thumal 'car' hi sawi fiahin adjective hna a thawk ve ta chiah a ni. Hetianga verb thumal ni si, kan sentence-a adjective hna thawk ta tlat si hi 'participle' chu a ni ta a ni. 

INTRANSITIVE VERB THUMAL PARTICIPLE-A HMAN DAN

       Participle atana intransitive verb thumal kan hmang a nih chuan, a indicative mood zel hi participle-ah hman ṭhin a ni.

Entirna:

                        paticiple

1. Naupang        ṭap       saw a bengchheng.

                       participle

2. Naupang         bo        kha an hmu tawh.

                                  participle

3. Sawti laia thing        ṭlu        saw a hnawk.

                 participle

4. Motor       lùm         kha kan hnûk chhuak.

                           participle

5. Dârthlalang       keh        hi thian fai teh.

       Entirna kan tar lan sentence pakhatnaah hian, "Naupang saw a bengchheng," tiin sawi ta ila, kan naupang sawi hian amah sawi fiahtu (adjective) a nei dawn lo a ni. Amaherawhchu, 'Naupang ṭap' ti-a kan sawi hian, heta intransitive verb thumal 'Ṭap' hian naupang hi ama thil tih hmang hian amah a sawi fiah nghâl a ni. Chutiang bawkin, a hnuai sentence-a 'Naupang bo' ti-a kan sawi hian, heta intransitive verb thumal 'Bo' tih hian naupang hi ama thil tih hmang hian  amah a sawi fiah ve leh nghâl bawk a ni. Hetiang intransitive verb thumal indicative mood form, kan sentence-a thil tih sawina ni chunga a titu sawi fiahtu atana kan hman ṭhin hi, verb ni chunga adjective hna thawk an nih avangin participle an ni ta a ni.

TRANSITIVE VERB THUMAL PARTICIPLE- HMAN DAN

       Participle atana transitive verb thumal kan hmang a nih chuan, a subjunctive mood form zel hi participle-ah hman a ni ve thung.

Entirna:

                   participle

1. Vaimim     kàn         hi a tui ngawt mai.

   (s   u   b   j  e  c  t)

                                             participle

2. Ka ṭhiante nen vaimim   chhum    kan ei.

                              (o    b   j    e   c   t)

 

                       participle

3. Kan vawk      talh      chu a thau hle mai.

                        participle

4. I pangpâr        khàwi    hi min pe ve rawh.

              participle

5. I thu      ziah       kha a ngaihnawm ka ti.

       Entirna kan tar lanah hian, "Vaimim hi a tui ngawt mai," tiin sawi ta ila, kan vaimim sawi hian amah sawi fiahtu (adjective) a nei dawn lo a ni. Amaherawhchu, transitive verb thumal subjunctive mood form 'Kàn' hi kan zeha 'Vaimim kàn' tih a nih hian, heta thil tih sawina (transitive verb) thumal 'Kàn' hian vaimim hi a nih phung a sawi fiah ta a. Chutiang bawkin, a dawttu sentence-a 'Vaimim chhum' ti-a kan sawi hian, transitive verb 'Chhum' tih hian kan vaimim sawi hi a chi dangin a nih phung a rawn sawi fiah ve leh ta bawk a ni.

PARTICIPLE PHRASE

Participle leh Modifier inkawp

       Participle hi verb thumal an nih miau avangin adjective hna thawk mah sela, an zepui zâwk verb zia kha an la kawl tlat reng a. Chuvangin, verb an niha adverb leh auxiliary verb-te an hui khâwm theih ang ang kha participle an nihnaah pawh hian an la chhawm thei vek a. Chutiang noun sawi fiahtu atana participle leh modifier inkawp tlang tate chu 'Participle phrase' an ni ta a ni.

Entirna:

                       participle phrase

1. Lehkhabu   tla darh nuaih        kha rem fel

     teh. 

                              participle phrase

2. Hmingite'n âr    puah sa lei tur     an ngah

    mai.

       Entirna sentence pakhatnaah hian, "Lehkhabu kha rem fel teh," tiin sawi ta ila, kan sentence-a kan lehkhabu sawi hian amah sawi fiahtu (adjective) a nei lo ang. Amaherawhchu, "Lehkhabu 'tla' kha rem fel teh," ti-a kan sawi erawh hi chuan, intransitive verb thumal indicative mood form 'Tla' hi lehkhabu sawi fiahtu 'participle' a rawn ni ta a. Heta participle hi a modifier (adverb) 'Darh nuaih' tih hian rawn puibàwm ve lehin, participle leh modifier inkawp, kan thil sawi rawn sawi fiahtu hi 'participle phrase' chu a ni ta a ni. Chutiang bawkin, entirna pahnihnaa participle leh modufier inkawp 'Puah sâ lei tur' tih hian kan thil sawi 'Âr' hi a rawn sawi fiah ve leh a. Hetianga kan thil sawi rawn sawi fiahtu, participle leh modifier inkawp hi 'participle phrase' a ni leh ta a.

      Hetiang hian verb thumal, participle atana kan hman leh amah puibàwmtu (modifier) inkawp, kan sentence-a kan thil sawi rawn sawi fiahtu atana kan hman ṭhinte hi 'participle phrase' chu an ni ta a ni.

PARTICIPLE LEH COMPLEMENT INKAWP

       Transitive verb chu tuartu (object) mamawh thil tih sawina a ni a. Chuvangin, participle-a an nihnaah pawh hian gerund ang thoin anmahni ti fiahtu (complement) atan anmahni pualin object an chhawm ṭhin a. Chutianga participle leh complement (object) inkawp dun ta chu 'participle phrase' a ni ve leh ta  ni.

Entirna:

                participle phrase

1. Nula       dàwr nghâk          kan rĭm.

                      participle phrase

2. Bâwng            fu her lai           kan thlir.

       Entirna sentence pakhatnaah hian, "Nula kan rĭm," tiin sawi ta ila, kan nula sawi hian amah sawi fiahtu (adjective) a nei lo ang. Amaherawhchu, hetah hian participle 'Nghâk' leh a object chhawm 'Dàwr' tih inkawp 'Dàwr nghâk' tih hian kan nula sawi hi a rawn sawi fiah a. Hetianga participle leh complement inkawp, kan sentence-a kan mi sawi emaw, kan thil sawi emaw rawn sawi fiahtu ni ta hi 'participle phrase' a ni ta a ni. Chutiang bawkin, entirna pahnihnaa participle leh complement leh modifier inkawp 'Fu her lai' tih hian kan sentence-a 'Bâwng' sawi hi a rawn sawi fiah leh a. Heta participle leh complement leh modifier inkawp tlâng, kan sentence-a kan thil sawi rawn sawi fiahtu ni ta hi 'participle phrase' a ni leh ta a ni.

       Hetiang hian transitive verb thumal, participle atana kan hman leh complement inkawp, kan sentence-a kan mi sawi emaw, kan thil sawi emaw rawn sawi fiahtu hi 'participle phrase' chu a ni ta a. Chutiang bawkin, participle leh complement inkawp, participle phrase hi modifier (adverb) leh auxiliary verb-te'na an rawn puibàwmna hi 'participle phrase' a la ni ta zel bawk  ni.

Thu lâkna: PC. Thangzîkpuia ziah 'MIZO

                   ṬAWNG GRAMMAR